{"id":110122,"date":"2022-07-12T11:40:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-12T09:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/eugene-mona-une-comete-dans-le-ciel-antillais\/"},"modified":"2022-07-12T17:25:59","modified_gmt":"2022-07-12T15:25:59","slug":"eugene-mona-a-comet-in-caribbean-sky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/eugene-mona-a-comet-in-caribbean-sky\/","title":{"rendered":"Eug\u00e8ne Mona: A comet in Caribbean skies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#8220;<em>I ask all those who like my music, a different kind of music, to give me a little money, just enough to prevent you from going out on a Saturday night, so that I can launch a big band worthy of representing Martinique in Europe&#8221;.&nbsp; <\/em>This <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=1U5RlBx6NSE&amp;ab_channel=LilAyka972\" target=\"_blank\">request<\/a>,&nbsp;made by Eug\u00e8ne Mona live on radio RFO, did not have the desired results&nbsp;: not a single penny was put in the three large urns set aside for the occasion.&nbsp; <em>&#8220;He suffered a great deal for his music.&nbsp;Too often, doors were closed to him&#8221;, <\/em>confides his widow Martiane Bizet Siano in Nathalie Glaudon\u2019s excellent documentary. Several days later, the man who embodied the soul of the people died in his prime.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From Marigot to Martinique\u2019s mountainous regions<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>He was born 48 years earlier, on July 13, 1943, in Vauclin, a small rural community in Martinique. The little boy, whose legal name was Georges Nilecam, which he later changed when he found his true self, and after having been given many nicknames as a child, grew up with his father, an amateur accordeonist, who gave him his first rudiments in music. &#8220;<em>I am a child from Marigot who wants to attain the universal\u2026 It\u2019s possible, isn\u2019t it&nbsp;?&#8221;, <\/em>he would later say.&nbsp; In the meantime, despite his talent as a singer that was already evident in his teens, the future flutist soon took a different path: he worked as an agricultural labourer.&nbsp; Then he turned to carpentry, an activity that by all accounts he excelled in. &#8220;<em>At the age of fifteen I didn\u2019t know how to read or write. A the age of twenty-five I could read and write music&#8221;, <\/em>he said on the French TV music show Megamix in 1990.&nbsp; Starting from scratch, he showed true strength of character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2894\" height=\"3776\" src=\"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=1010,height=1318,fit=crop,quality=80,format=auto,onerror=redirect,metadata=none\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-107973\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona.jpg 2894w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-759x990.jpg 759w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-1010x1318.jpg 1010w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-2048x2672.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-1440x1879.jpg 1440w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-661x862.jpg 661w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-465x607.jpg 465w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/partition-eugene-mona-375x489.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(min-width:1010px) 759px,100vw\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Music score, <em>Bwa Bril\u00e9<\/em>, words and music by Eug\u00e8ne Mona, 1973 \u00a9 Sacem Archives*<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If the texture of his voice was proof of his exceptional talent, the man who soon became known simply as &#8220;Mona&#8221; encountered another self-taught musician with a bright future: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=szW7QIUZN5s\" target=\"_blank\">Max Cilla<\/a>, who had chosen in the 1960\u2019s to retreat to to the mountains and make flutes based on India\u2019s ancestral tradition; he gave Mona one of his bamboo flutes, on which his disciple would compose haunting melodies. <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ev6D06eDsC0&amp;ab_channel=BrigitteCosta-L%C3%A9ard%C3%A9e\" target=\"_blank\">This encounter proved decisive<\/a>. Later on in the 1960\u2019s Mona won a prize in a Creole song competition. This launched his career, and he recorded his first album the year he turned thirty, in 1973. <em>Bwa Bril\u00e9, <\/em>recorded with his group of musicians from Marigot, was a success for the man considered to be the worthy successor of Ti Emile. But Mona added other spices to the traditional formula, revealing his own original personality.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Eugene Mona \u200e- Ti milo ( CLIP ORIGINAL ) 1978\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RuWm7r0E3Zw?feature=oembed&#038;autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Eugene Mona \u200e- Ti milo (Clip Original) 1978<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">From the mountains to the world<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on slow tempos similar to deep blues, or on Caribbean rhythms steeped in grooves, his music forged original links between Martiniquan roots, bwa bwa and b\u00e8l\u00e8 music in particular, and with music from not so distant North America, jazz and soul especially, all highlighted on center stage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reconfigured without being emasculated from its founding sources, the music of \u00ab&nbsp;old negroes&nbsp;\u00bb, long denigrated, now nourished the inflections of an entire generation, both aesthetically and politically. This return to the roots that had probed the souls of the Maroons \u2013 slaves that had fled from the colonial regime to the mountains \u2013 took place at the same time that his native island, along with Guadeloupe, were irremediably plagued by a new servitude: the society of overconsumption and allocations, just as the preceding generation, during the 1960\u2019s, had to deal with the bloodletting of the <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cairn.info\/revue-politix-2016-4-page-81.htm#:~:text=Le%20nombre%20de%20migrants%20pass%C3%A9s,350%20000%20%C3%A0%20La%20R%C3%A9union).\" target=\"_blank\">Bumidom<\/a> (Le Bureau pour le d\u00e9veloppement des Migrations dans les d\u00e9partements d\u2019Outre-mer) which organized the &#8220;migration&#8221; to France of over 200,000 French people from overseas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Sur les traces de Mona de Nathalie Glaudon\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GEBrllkWc5c?feature=oembed&#038;autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>In Mona\u2019s Footsteps by Nathalie Glaudon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Henceforth, the true poet of another way of healing the world, Eug\u00e8ne Mona released albums (whose titles were often just his name, but with benchmark songs such as <em>Mi Bach <\/em>and<em> Doudou M\u00e9nard<\/em> in 1976, and <em>Roi Nigo <\/em>in 1980\u2026) whose total mix prefigured the outpourings to come, and which gave birth to a new vision of so-called \u00ab&nbsp;world&nbsp;\u00bb musics. In addition to his qualities as a musician, the man nicknamed \u00ab&nbsp;the barefoot singer&nbsp;\u00bb was an outstanding showman which could have \u2013 should have&nbsp;? \u2013 made him an alter ego of Bob Marley, or even James Brown in the way he moved on stage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In concert, the experience was often compared to voodoo ceremonies, Mona comparable to Fela\u2019s presence on stage.&nbsp; Not to mention that the words he wrote were anchored in daily life in order to enunciate bittersweet truths, awakening the consciences of young people. The song \u201c<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=294mun6nlsE\" target=\"_blank\">1700<\/a>\u201d is a perfect example, full of metaphors and subtexts that express a great deal about the situation at the time. He incarnated \u00ab&nbsp;The Standing Negro&nbsp;\u00bb (another of his nicknames), repositioning Africa at the heart of history, as well as emphasizing the diversity constitutive of the Caribbean archipelago. <em>M\u00e9nard<\/em> in 1976, and <em>Roi Nigo <\/em>in 1980\u2026) whose total mix prefigured the outpourings to come, and which gave birth to a new vision of so-called \u00ab&nbsp;world&nbsp;\u00bb musics. In addition to his qualities as a musician, the man nicknamed \u00ab&nbsp;the barefoot singer&nbsp;\u00bb was an outstanding showman which could have \u2013 should have&nbsp;? \u2013 made him an alter ego of Bob Marley, or even James Brown in the way he moved on stage.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"\u270c Eug\u00e8ne Mona  (Martinique) &quot;Energie vibration positive&quot;, A\/C: Eug\u00e8ne Mona. \u270c\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GuKXY8ZKMgE?feature=oembed&#038;autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Eug\u00e8ne Mona (Martinique) &#8220;Energie vibration positive&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A visonary in the way he embraced the sounds of the world without forgetting&nbsp; his Caribbean identity, Eug\u00e8ne Mona was also one of the pioneers to claim his Cr\u00e9olit\u00e9 as a key milestone on the emerging world music scene.&nbsp; It is no accident that he had the support of Martiniquan intellectuals such as Edouard Glissant, Patrick Chamoiseau, Rapha\u00ebl Confiant, etc.&nbsp; Among them, Aim\u00e9 C\u00e9saire was the most loyal to Mona, who also appeared briefly in the film <em>Rue Case N\u00e8gre<\/em> in 1983. The father of N\u00e9gritude and mayor of Fort-de-France aided him through his cultural festival and the Centre Martiniquais d\u2019Action Culturelle, which was for decades a reference in municipal cultural politics and a melting pot for numerous emerging talents. And less than a year after Mona\u2019s death, an \u00ab&nbsp;avenue Eug\u00e8ne Mona&nbsp;\u00bb was inaugurated in 1992 in Fort-de-France, a reminder of the connection between the two men : more than one text of this other Martiniquan <em>poto mitan<\/em> celebrated the composer of <em>Cahier d\u2019un retour au pays natal<\/em>, and the musician often took the side of his mentor. In <em>\u201c<\/em>Mi mwen mi\u201d, he even attacked one of C\u00e9saire\u2019s rivals in the elections, to the traditional beat of pulsating drums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Eug\u00e8ne mona - Mi mwen Mi ou\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Acem9gEErYk?feature=oembed&#038;autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Eug\u00e8ne mona &#8211; Mi mwen Mi ou<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fertile posterity<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;<em>When I\u2019m dead I\u2019ll sell a lot of records&#8221;, <\/em>he prophesized several days before his death to his wife, who collected his too-insubstantial royalties. The man connected to nature and to spiritual forces did not know just how right he was. For the past thirty years, the man who liked to call himself a &#8220;radar&#8221; has suffused the creativity of succeeding generations, even if his music is not often played on radio stations, who see in his esoteric lyrics a creole language full of metaphoric poetry, a pertinent radiance to guide them. <em>&#8220;I have to die so that my body can be used as manure&#8221;, <\/em>he acknowledged, when his final album <em>Blanc mang\u00e9 ? Blan manj\u00e9 ?<\/em> was not the success he expected on an island where zouk now reigned supreme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Having died of a stroke in September 1991, Eug\u00e8ne became a legend, finally recognized as the giant he had been when alive. Songs like&nbsp;the anthem <em>Roi Nigo <\/em>became influences on younger musicians. Mario Canonge and Ralph Tamar saluted him, and two albums were explicit homages to him: <em>Leritaj Mona<\/em>, where musicians used his chanted lyrics in daring new arrangements rather than sticking to the original versions, turning this homage not into a simple memorial project but into a projection into contemporary West Indian musical trends. Listen to the digital riddim boosting the mouth drumming of Admiral T on <em>Ti Milo<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=MITeEaKiWUI&#038;ab_channel=YourZoukTV\n<\/div><figcaption>Admiral T &#8211; Ti milo &#8211; YourZoukTv &#8211; clip officiel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2015 Chassol adapted on <em>Big Sun<\/em>, his road trip album from New Orleans to Martinique and India, the harrowing <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=0QE5L4wfPIs\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Bwa Bril\u00e9<\/em><\/a><em>,<\/em> sung by a woman, and in a more political vein the rapper Roc\u00e9 included <em>Piti\u00e9<\/em> in his essential compilation album <em>Par les damn\u00e9.e.s de la Terre<\/em>. And recently the Big In Jazz Collective recorded <em>La Chandelle<\/em>, a joyous song dating from 1976 that depicts the destruction of Saint-Pierre during the volcanic eruption of 1902. Further proof of this highly talented musician who was in a class of his own, as well as the irony of a life story that continues to resonate today&nbsp; As he put it in his own words:&nbsp; <em>&#8220;If&nbsp; you want to build the future, you have to think of the past and not reject tradition.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/width=1010,height=1307,fit=crop,quality=80,format=auto,onerror=redirect,metadata=none\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-107967\" width=\"840\" height=\"1087\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne.jpg 1391w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne-759x982.jpg 759w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne-1010x1307.jpg 1010w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne-661x855.jpg 661w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne-465x602.jpg 465w, https:\/\/pan-african-music-production.fra1.digitaloceanspaces.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Eugene-Mona-Sacem-redimensionne-375x485.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(min-width:1010px) 759px,100vw\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><figcaption>Identity photo of Eug\u00e8ne Mona, 1967 \u00a9 Archives Sacem*<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>*The archives can be seen on the site of the Mus\u00e9e Sacem&nbsp;:&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/musee.sacem.fr\/index.php\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/musee.sacem.fr\/index.php<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The man from Martinique who blended Creole poetry and the flute of  Martinique\u2019s mountainous regions had an incandescent and singular trajectory. The child from Marigot, composer of the song &#8220;Bwa Bril\u00e9&#8221;, continues to inspire younger generations today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":107853,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7833],"tags":[41172,23842],"location":[8138],"yst_prominent_words":[8407,8447,8435,8543,8438],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110122"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=110122"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110122\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/107853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=110122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=110122"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=110122"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pan-african-music.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=110122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}